Kang Haggerty NewsRefusing to adopt the heightened pleading standard under Rule 9(b), the US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed the U.S. District Court for New Jersey’s order, which held that Plaintiff Foglia failed to meet the pleading requirements under Rule 9(b) for pleading a false claims act case. U.S. ex rel. Foglia v. Renal Ventures Mgmt., LLC, 2014 WL 2535339 (3d Cir. June 6, 2014). In contrast to the District Court, the Third Circuit agreed to a more liberal standard for pleading cases under the federal False Claims Act and concluded that Foglia’s factually false claim against Renal proved sufficient to satisfy Rule 9(b). The circuits are split over whether a whistleblower must allege specific examples of false claims to survive a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, and the Third Circuit held that the whistleblower need not provide such specific examples.
5 Ways to Transition Your Business to Next Generation
1. Define your goals. What is your ultimate goal in transitioning your business? Do you plan on funding your retirement through this transition? Is it to leave a legacy? The reason behind your desire to transition will determine how you proceed.
2. Plan & Implement Your Strategies. Create a clear plan as you move forward with the transition. Always be sure you have this plan set before you start so you do not run into confusion while transitioning. Consider the following to include in your strategy as you prepare:
a. Financial. If your goal is towards retirement, how will you be funding it? What will be your compensation as you leave the company? Be sure you highlight financial issues clearly and consult with the appropriate experts to make sure these issues are handled well.
You Need to Make a Demand First Before Filing a Derivative Claim
United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. Robert FREEDMAN, Appellant v. Sumner M. REDSTONE; Philippe P. Dauman; Thomas E. Dooley; George S. Abrams; Alan C. Greenberg; Shari Redstone; Frederic V. Salerno; Blythe J. McGarvie; Charles E. Phillips, Jr.; William Schwartz; Robert K. Kraft; Viacom, Inc. No. 13–3372. Decided: May 30, 2014
The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed the Delaware District Court’s July 16, 2013 decision by further solidifying the most basic requirements for filing a derivative and direct claim. The plaintiff, Robert Freedman, as a stockholder, failed to make a pre-suit demand to Viacom’s Board of Directors in his derivative claim. Also, the plaintiff failed to state a cause of action in his direct claim against the defendant. As such, the District Court dismissed the case, which the Third Circuit affirmed.
Court Gives Yelp Zero Stars
Anonymous internet reviewers beware – particularly if what you post is harmful to a business’s reputation; and more importantly, untrue. The Virginia Supreme Court is currently considering a case that could have major implications with regard to unmasking the identity of anonymous internet reviewers who post false and defamatory comments about businesses.
In Yelp, Inc. v. Hadeed Carpet Cleaning, Inc., the Virginia Court of Appeals affirmed the trial court’s decision to enforce a subpoena directed to Yelp, Inc. (“Yelp”) that requested the identification of the authors of certain reviews that the plaintiff claimed were false and defamatory toward his carpet cleaning business.
Superior Court Clarifies Pennsylvania Law on Non-Compete Agreements
On May 13, 2014, the Superior Court of Pennsylvania, in Socko v. Mid-Atlantic Systems, clarified the requirement of new consideration when an employer and employee enter into an employment agreement containing a non-competition restrictive covenant after commencement of employment. As an appellate decision, this new clarification leaves a lasting and binding effect on the trial courts.
When Mid-Atlantic hired Socko as a salesman in March 2007, Socko signed an employment agreement with a two-year covenant not to compete. He resigned in February 2009, but was rehired in June 2009 and signed a new employment agreement with a similar two-year covenant not to compete. Subsequently, he signed a third employment agreement on December 28, 2010 containing a two year non-compete covering eight named states, including Pennsylvania, and anywhere else that Mid-Atlantic did business. In January 2012, Socko resigned and took a position with a competitor basement waterproofing company located in Camp Hill, Pennsylvania. Mid-Atlantic wrote the new employer enclosing the third employment letter and threatening litigation. The new employer terminated Socko, who sued for declaratory judgment seeking a determination that the non-compete provision of the employment agreement was unenforceable for lack of sufficient consideration.
Follow the Bright-Line Road!
In the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
No. 76 MAP 2012
On Appeal from Superior Court 11/23/2011 Docket
Carl J. Barrick and Brenda L. Barrick v. Holy Spirit Hospital of the Sisters of Christian Charity Individually and d/b/a Holy Spirit Hospital, Sodexho Management, Inc., Sodexho Operations, LLC and Linda J. Lawrence
Affirming the en banc decision of the Superior Court, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court created a bright-line rule denying discovery of communications between attorneys and expert witnesses.
It is well known the attorney-client privilege afforded to attorney-client communications gives an attorney the ability to develop theories and legal strategies with the aid of information given to him from his client. Equally as important to the ability for an attorney to strategize includes communication between the attorney and an expert witness. Pa.R.C.P. 4003 provides clear directives on what is covered as “privileged” between an attorney and her clients and witness to ensure attorneys have every ability to strategize and devise legal strategies without fear of compromising confidential information or of exposure.
Much Ado about Non-Competes
In energy, technology, healthcare and other key sectors of the economy, employers increasingly insist their employees agree to non-competes and other post employment restrictions. Yet when the employment relationship ends, the restrictive covenants are either ignored by both the employee and the employer or fought out in court with the outcome both uncertain and costly.
Employers have legitimate interests in protecting their confidential business information and key customer relationships developed at significant expense. Consequently, many employers require new employers to agree to contractual employment and post-employment restrictions on their activities and conduct. Such restrictive covenants may be a part of an employment agreement or set forth in a separate non-compete and non-disclosure agreement. New employees eager to start out on the right footing are inclined to sign whatever documents are presented to them in connection with the hiring process. Later, if the relationship ends questions arise as to the enforceability of the restrictions. Understanding the basic legal principles applicable to enforcement of restrictive covenants can help both parties.
Bad Sportsmanship? Class Action Filed Against NCAA for Student Compensation
The question of whether student-athletes in college sports are adequately compensated for their services is a debate that has persisted for many years. It has recently become a particularly hot topic in light of a decision by the National Labor Relations Board that Northwestern University’s football players can unionize; as well as a study done by Drexel University and the National Collegiate Players Association that says that the average college football player is worth $178,000 per year, and the average college basketball player, $375,000 per year.
On one hand, student-athletes receive what otherwise would be expensive tuition, room, and board at no cost; other than the time they spend playing and training for a sport they presumably love. On the other hand, colleges – particularly colleges with juggernaut football and basketball programs – generate obscene amounts of money from these student-athletes’ services; which makes the tuition, room, and board the athletes receive look meager by comparison.
The Walls Come Tumbling Down: The Economic Loss Doctrine Uncovered
The economic loss doctrine prevents a plaintiff from recovering purely economic losses via a tort action (i.e., a negligence claim) in the absence of personal injury or damage to “other property.” One court has described the economic loss doctrine as “prohibit[ing] plaintiffs from recovering in tort economic losses to which their entitlement flows only from a contract.” Duquesne Light Co. v. Westinghouse Elec. Corp., 66 F.3d 604, 618 (3d Cir. 1995). In other words, a plaintiff should be limited to a contract claim “when loss of the benefit of a bargain is the plaintiff’s sole loss.” Id.
To illustrate, if a property owner hires a contractor to build a wall, which subsequently collapses due to the contractor’s negligence in constructing the wall, the property owner cannot sue the contractor for negligence. The property owner’s redress is confined to the terms of the contract. Given that the wall collapsed, it is likely that the contractor breached the contract with the property owner, who presumably bargained for a wall that should not collapse. Since nothing other than the wall was damaged, and no one was injured, however, the property owner’s relief is restricted to what was specifically bargained for – the wall. Thus, the property owner will only be able to recover the cost of the wall, or the cost of repairing the wall (i.e., he should only get what he bargained for: a wall).
No Application of Fair Market Credit by New Jersey Appellate Division
The borrowing relationship of debtor and creditors is at the heart of the American economy, and therefore the subject of many lawsuits. In the case of Atlantic Stewardship Bank v. Puddingstone Funding, LLC, (2013 WL 5777539) the New Jersey’s Appellate Division held that the amount of the outstanding debt the defendants were required to re-pay should not have a “fair market value credit” applied to it.
Plaintiff Atlantic Stewardship Bank sought to collect on a $2.5 million note that matured on July 1, 2009 and it also alleged defendants had defaulted on their loan obligations by failing to make two monthly payments in June and July 2009. Defendants Puddingstone Funding, LLC, et al. rebutted by stating, among other things, that plaintiff had acted in bad faith by not allowing Puddingstone to liquidate collateral to satisfy the debt, reneged on a verbal agreement to lower the interest rate on the loan, and disseminated defendants’ private financial information. Continue reading ›